Formate e ka bonoa e le mokokotlo oa moruo oa bioeconomy o sa nke lehlakore ka khabone, o hlahisoang ho tsoa ho CO2 ho sebelisoa mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale (electro) 'me o fetoloa lihlahisoa tse ekelitsoeng boleng ho sebelisoa li-cascade tsa enzymatic kapa likokoana-hloko tse entsoeng ka boenjiniere. Mohato oa bohlokoa oa ho atolosa ho monngoa ha formate ea maiketsetso ke phokotso ea eona e rarahaneng ea formaldehyde ka thermodynamically, e hlahang mona e le phetoho ea 'mala o mosehla. Mokitlane: Institute of Terrestrial Microbiology Max Planck/Geisel.
Bo-rasaense ba Max Planck Institute ba thehile tsela ea metabolism ea maiketsetso e fetolang carbon dioxide hore e be formaldehyde ka thuso ea formic acid, e fanang ka mokhoa o sa nke lehlakore oa carbon ho hlahisa thepa ea bohlokoa.
Litsela tse ncha tsa anabolic bakeng sa ho tiisa carbon dioxide ha li thuse feela ho fokotsa maemo a carbon dioxide sepakapakeng, empa li ka boela tsa nkela tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale ea setso ea meriana le metsoako e sebetsang sebaka ka lits'ebetso tsa baeloji tse sa nke lehlakore ka carbon. Phuputso e ncha e bontša mokhoa oo ka oona formic acid e ka sebelisoang ho fetola carbon dioxide hore e be thepa ea bohlokoa indastering ea biochemical.
Ka lebaka la keketseho ea likhase tse ntšang mocheso oa lefatše, ho amohuoa ha khabone kapa ho amohuoa ha khabone dioxide ho tsoa mehloling e meholo ea likhase ke bothata bo boholo. Ka tlhaho, ho monngoa ha khabone dioxide ho 'nile ha tsoela pele ka lilemo tse limilione, empa matla a eona ha a lekane ho lefella likhase tse ntšang moea tse tsoang ho batho.
Bafuputsi ba etelletsoeng pele ke Tobias Erb oa Setsi sa Li-Microbiology tsa Lefatše. Max Planck o sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho ho nts'etsapele mekhoa e mecha ea ho lokisa carbon dioxide. Hona joale ba atlehile ho nts'etsapele tsela ea metabolism ea maiketsetso e hlahisang formaldehyde e arabelang haholo ho tsoa ho formic acid, e leng sebaka se ka bang teng sa photosynthesis ea maiketsetso. Formaldehyde e ka kena ka kotloloho litseleng tse 'maloa tsa metabolism ho etsa lintho tse ling tsa bohlokoa ntle le litlamorao tse chefo. Joalo ka ts'ebetso ea tlhaho, ho hlokahala metsoako e 'meli e meholo: matla le khabone. Ea pele e ka fanoa eseng feela ke khanya ea letsatsi e tobileng, empa hape le ke motlakase - mohlala, li-module tsa letsatsi.
Ketane ea boleng, mehloli ea khabone ea fetoha. Khabone ea diokside ha se eona feela khetho mona, re bua ka metsoako eohle ea khabone ka bonngoe (li-block tsa C1): khabone ea diokside, formaldehyde, methanol le methane. Leha ho le joalo, hoo e batlang e le lintho tsena kaofela li chefo haholo, bakeng sa lintho tse phelang (khabone ea diokside, formaldehyde, methanol) le bakeng sa polanete (methane e le khase ea greenhouse). Ke feela ka mor'a hore forma acid e se e qhibilihisitsoe hore e be sebopeho sa eona sa motheo moo likokoana-hloko tse ngata li mamellang maemo a holimo a eona.
“Esiti e ka hare ke mohloli o tšepisang haholo oa khabone,” ho hatisa Maren Nattermann, mongoli oa pele oa phuputso ena. “Empa ho e fetola formaldehyde ka har'a vitro ho hloka matla a mangata haholo.” Lebaka ke hobane formate, letsoai la formate, ha e fetohe habonolo ho formaldehyde. “Ho na le tšitiso e tebileng ea lik'hemik'hale pakeng tsa limolek'hule tsena tse peli, 'me pele re ka etsa karabelo ea sebele, re tlameha ho e hlōla ka thuso ea matla a lik'hemik'hale - ATP.”
Sepheo sa bafuputsi e ne e le ho fumana tsela e theko e tlaase haholoanyane. Etsoe, ha matla a fokolang a hlokahalang ho fepa khabone ho metabolism, matla a mangata a ka sebelisoa ho susumetsa kholo kapa tlhahiso. Empa ha ho na mokhoa o joalo tlhahong. "Ho sibolloa ha li-enzyme tse bitsoang li-hybrid tse nang le mesebetsi e mengata ho hloka boqapi bo itseng," ho bolela Tobias Erb. "Leha ho le joalo, ho sibolloa ha li-enzyme tse khethiloeng ke qalo feela. Re bua ka likarabelo tse ka baloang hammoho hobane li lieha haholo—maemong a mang, ho na le karabelo e ka tlase ho e le 'ngoe ka motsotsoana ka enzyme. Likarabelo tsa tlhaho li ka tsoela pele ka lebelo le potlakileng ka makhetlo a sekete." Mona ke moo biochemistry ea maiketsetso e kenang teng, ho bolela Maren Nattermann: "Haeba u tseba sebopeho le mokhoa oa enzyme, ua tseba moo u ka kenellang teng. E bile molemo o moholo."
Ntlafatso ea li-enzyme e kenyelletsa mekhoa e 'maloa: phapanyetsano e khethehileng ea li-build block, tlhahiso ea phetoho e sa reroang, le khetho ea bokhoni. "Formate le formaldehyde ka bobeli li loketse haholo hobane li ka kenella maboteng a sele. Re ka eketsa formate setsing sa temo ea sele, se hlahisang enzyme e fetolang formaldehyde e hlahisoang hore e be dae e mosehla e seng chefo kamora lihora tse 'maloa," ho boletse Maren. Nattermann o hlalositse.
Liphetho ka nako e khutšoanyane hakana li ka be li sa khoneha ntle le tšebeliso ea mekhoa e phahameng ea tlhahiso. Ho etsa sena, bafuputsi ba sebelisane le molekane oa indasteri Festo ho Esslingen, Jeremane. "Kamora mefuta e ka bang 4,000, re ekelitse chai ea rona habeli," ho bolela Maren Nattermann. "Kahoo, re thehile motheo oa kholo ea microorganism ea mohlala E. coli, pere e sebetsang ea microbial ea biotechnology, ho formic acid. Leha ho le joalo, hajoale, lisele tsa rona li ka hlahisa formaldehyde feela 'me li ke ke tsa fetoha ho ea pele."
Ka tshebedisano mmoho le mothusi wa hae Sebastian Wink ho tswa Setsing sa Dimela sa Physiology ya Dimela. Bafuputsi ba Max Planck hajwale ba ntse ba ntshetsa pele mofuta o ka nkang di-intermediate mme wa di kenya metabolismng e bohareng. Ka nako e tshwanang, sehlopha se ntse se etsa dipatlisiso mabapi le phetoho ya electrochemical ya carbon dioxide ho ya ho formic acid le sehlopha se sebetsang Setsing sa Phetoho ya Matla a Dikhemikhale. Max Planck tlasa tataiso ya Walter Leitner. Sepheo sa nako e telele ke "sethala se lekanang tsohle" ho tloha ho carbon dioxide e hlahiswang ke ditshebetso tsa electrobiochemical ho ya dihlahisweng tse kang insulin kapa biodiesel.
Referense: Maren Nattermann, Sebastian Wenk, Pascal Pfister, Hai He, Seung Hwang Lee, Witold Szymanski, Nils Guntermann, Faiying Zhu “Tlhahiso-pele ea potoloho e ncha bakeng sa phetoho ea formate e itšetlehileng ka phosphate ho ea ho formaldehyde ka har'a vitro le ka har'a vivo”, Lennart Nickel. , Charlotte Wallner, Jan Zarzycki, Nicole Pachia, Nina Gaisert, Giancarlo Francio, Walter Leitner, Ramon Gonzalez, le Tobias J. Erb, Mots'eanong 9, 2023, Nature Communications.DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38072-w
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